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TPL-C 91-C

Turbocharger · Turbochargers

Technical data from manufacturer or class sources · not yet verified by a person​‍​‍⁠‍‍‌‌‍‍‌‍‌​​​⁠⁠‌

The ABB Accelleron TPL‑C 91‑C is a high‑capacity turbocharger for large two‑stroke common‑rail marine diesel engines, delivering up to 55 MW of boost with integrated variable geometry for optimal efficiency across the engine speed range.

Specifications

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Frame Size91-C
Power max (kW)55000
Inspection

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Common issues

  • Bearing wear (thrust and journal bearings), leading to increased axial/radial play and potential rotor contact.
  • Compressor fouling due to intake air contamination or oil carry-over, reducing efficiency and air delivery.
  • Turbine fouling/erosion from exhaust gas impurities (e.g., catalytic fines, unburnt fuel, ash), leading to reduced power and increased exhaust back pressure.
  • Nozzle ring and/or diffuser damage (erosion, cracking, deformation) affecting gas flow and turbine efficiency.
  • Oil leakage from bearing housing seals (labyrinth or piston ring type) into compressor or turbine side, indicating seal wear or pressure imbalances.
  • Vibration due to rotor imbalance (fouling, damage), bearing wear, or misalignment, potentially leading to catastrophic failure.
  • Surging, often a system issue (engine load, scavenge air pressure), but can cause turbocharger stress and damage.
  • Exhaust gas leakage from casing joints, expansion bellows, or drain pipes, posing safety and performance issues.

Inspection checklist

  • Visual inspection for oil, water, or exhaust gas leaks around casings, connections, and drains.
  • Check axial and radial play of the rotor shaft by hand (engine stopped, cold) to assess bearing condition.
  • Inspect compressor wheel for cleanliness, blade damage (nicks, cracks, erosion), and rubbing marks.
  • Inspect turbine wheel (if accessible via gas side or endoscope) for cleanliness, blade erosion, cracks, or foreign object damage.
  • Check condition of air filter elements and ensure intake ducting is free from obstructions.
  • Verify lubricating oil pressure and temperature within specified limits during operation; check oil filter condition.
  • Inspect nozzle ring and diffuser (if accessible) for fouling, erosion, or damage.
  • Monitor turbocharger speed, boost pressure, and exhaust gas temperatures (before/after turbine) against baseline values for performance degradation.
  • Check integrity of insulation blankets and guarding for hot surfaces.

Service intervals

Bearing inspection/replacement8,000 - 16,000 running hours (depending on bearing type and operating conditions)
Rotor cleaning (water wash)Compressor: Daily/Weekly as needed; Turbine: Monthly/Quarterly as needed (or based on performance monitoring)
Minor inspection (gas/air side cleaning, visual checks)4,000 - 8,000 running hours
Intermediate inspection (bearing replacement, nozzle ring/diffuser inspection)16,000 - 24,000 running hours
Major overhaul (rotor removal, balancing, full component inspection/replacement)24,000 - 36,000 running hours (or as per manufacturer's specific recommendations and condition monitoring)

Typical wear limits

Axial bearing playNew: 0.15 - 0.30 mm; Max wear limit: 0.40 - 0.60 mm (consult specific manual for exact values)
Radial bearing playNew: 0.05 - 0.15 mm; Max wear limit: 0.20 - 0.30 mm (consult specific manual for exact values)
Compressor/Turbine blade tip clearanceVaries by frame size, typically 0.3 - 0.8 mm new. Wear limit often +0.1 to +0.2 mm over new, indicating blade erosion or casing wear.
Nozzle ring openingErosion can increase the opening. A 5-10% increase in flow area due to erosion can significantly impact performance. Measured during overhaul.
Rotor imbalanceNot a field measurement, but critical during overhaul. Max permissible residual imbalance typically specified in g*mm.

Ranges are typical for this design class. Always confirm against the manufacturer documentation for your serial number.

Critical spares

  • Complete bearing cartridge set (thrust and journal bearings)
  • Gasket and O-ring sets for casing and connections (especially for overhaul)
  • Labyrinth or piston ring seals (for bearing housing)
  • Lubricating oil filter elements
  • Air filter elements (if applicable to turbocharger intake)
  • Nozzle ring segments or complete nozzle ring (depending on design and criticality)
  • Diffuser segments or complete diffuser (depending on design and criticality)
  • Specialized tools for disassembly/assembly (if not already onboard)

Safety

  • High temperatures: Exhaust gas (up to 550°C), casing surfaces, and oil can cause severe burns. Ensure insulation and guarding are intact.
  • High rotational speeds: The rotor operates at tens of thousands of RPM. A catastrophic failure (rotor burst) can release high-energy fragments. Adhere strictly to maintenance procedures and wear limits.
  • Pressurized systems: High-pressure exhaust gas and scavenge air lines pose a risk during maintenance if not properly depressurized.
  • Hot lubricating oil: Oil lines and sumps contain hot oil under pressure. Risk of spray and burns during leaks or maintenance.
  • Noise levels: Turbochargers generate significant noise. Hearing protection is mandatory when working in the vicinity during operation.

Class survey

Class surveyors typically focus on the overall operational integrity and safety of the turbocharger. They will check for absence of oil/gas leaks, general cleanliness, and proper insulation/guarding. They will review maintenance records (logbook entries for inspections, overhauls, bearing replacements, cleaning), and verify that critical parameters like bearing temperatures and vibration levels (if monitored) are within limits. Performance parameters such as boost pressure and exhaust temperatures may be observed. The surveyor will also confirm the functionality of any associated safety devices, such as overspeed trips or alarm systems, and ensure that spare parts holdings align with class requirements for critical machinery.

Estimated lifetime: 24,000 - 36,000 running hours before major overhaul (where the unit is fully disassembled, inspected, and critical components replaced/reconditioned to restore near-new performance). The overall structural lifetime of the casing and major non-wear components can exceed 100,000 hours with proper maintenance.

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