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10V31

Main Engine 4-Stroke · Main Engines (4-Stroke)

Technical data from manufacturer or class sources · not yet verified by a person
5,600 kWPower
10Cylinders
310 mmBore
430 mmStroke
750 rpmMCR RPM

The Wärtsilä 10V31 is a medium‑speed, four‑stroke V‑type diesel engine delivering up to 5 600 kW at 750 rpm, renowned for its world‑leading specific fuel consumption (~165 g/kWh) and modular common‑rail design.

Specifications

Technical data.reference — unverified

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Cylinder power610 kW/cyl (diesel)
Mean effective pressure (BMEP)30 bar
SFOC (diesel)167.7 g/kWh (optimal point)
Weight (8V31)~57.1 tonnes (dry, diesel)
Weight (16V31)~89–92.5 tonnes (dry, diesel)
Piston speed10.75 m/s
TurbochargingTwo-stage turbocharging with intercooling
Fuel injectionCommon rail direct injection
Valve layout2 inlet, 2 exhaust valves per cylinder
Rated power6 100 kW
Engine dimensions (mm)6 820, 6 225, 3 205, 3 100, 1 500 mm
Weight62 tonnes
Eng. kW5 900 kW
Gen. kW5 665 kW
Inspection

Inspector Detail

Common issues

  • Common-rail injector fouling or coking causing spray pattern degradation and cylinder-to-cylinder exhaust temperature imbalance
  • High-pressure fuel pump wear affecting rail pressure stability
  • Turbocharger compressor and turbine side fouling, reducing charge air pressure
  • Charge air cooler fouling causing elevated exhaust temperatures and reduced power
  • Cylinder liner and piston ring wear, including bore polishing and carbon buildup at low load
  • Exhaust valve seat burning or recession
  • Camshaft and roller guide wear on the valve train
  • Crankcase oil contamination or dilution requiring closer oil analysis intervals

Inspection checklist

  • Borescope inspection of piston crown, ring belt and liner through the indicator cock or injector bore
  • Exhaust temperature spread check across all cylinders, flagging abnormal deviation
  • Injector spray pattern and condition check on removal
  • Turbocharger bearing clearance and fouling inspection
  • Charge air cooler pressure drop and fouling check
  • Crankcase oil mist detector function test
  • Cylinder liner wear measurement (ovality and taper)
  • Valve clearance and rotator function check
  • Crankshaft deflection readings
  • Governor, actuator and common-rail pressure sensor function check

Service intervals

Cylinder liner and piston overhaulmedium-speed four-stroke engines of this bore class typically see major top-end overhaul in the 12,000-24,000 running hour range - confirm against Wartsila's own maintenance schedule for this model
Fuel injector exchange or overhaulcommonly every 8,000-12,000 running hours depending on fuel quality - confirm against maker's schedule
Turbocharger overhaultypically 16,000-24,000 running hours depending on maker recommendation
Lube oil analysismonthly, or per maker's condition monitoring schedule
Valve clearance checkroutine at intervals in the 2,000-4,000 running hour range, per maker's schedule

Typical wear limits

Cylinder liner bore weartypically renewal is considered around 0.3-0.4% increase over nominal bore diameter for engines in this bore class - confirm against the engine's own manual
Main bearing clearancecommonly in the range 0.20-0.40 mm depending on maker tolerance - confirm against the maker's manual
Piston ring end gaptypically 0.8-1.5 mm as installed for this bore class - confirm against the engine's own manual

Ranges are typical for this design class. Always confirm against the manufacturer documentation for your serial number.

Critical spares

  • Fuel injectors (complete assembly)
  • Piston ring set (per cylinder)
  • Cylinder liner
  • Main and big-end bearing shells
  • Turbocharger rotor/cartridge repair kit
  • Charge air cooler element
  • Cylinder head gasket and seal set
  • Camshaft roller guides

Safety

  • Crankcase explosion risk - oil mist detector must be tested regularly and never bypassed
  • Common-rail fuel system remains under high pressure after shutdown - follow the maker's depressurization procedure before opening
  • Hot exhaust manifold and turbocharger surfaces - check insulation integrity
  • Starting air system - test non-return valves and relief devices on the air receiver
  • Heavy rotating and reciprocating components during overhaul - use proper lifting gear and lockout procedures

Class survey

Commonly eligible for Continuous Survey Machinery (CSM) where the class society permits, with cylinder units, turbocharger and crankshaft deflection records examined on a rotating basis rather than a single fixed periodical survey. Running-hours log, oil analysis history and overhaul records are typically requested at survey.

Estimated lifetime: Medium-speed four-stroke engines of this size and class are commonly designed for a major top-end overhaul cycle in the 20,000-30,000 running hour range, with overall service life well beyond 100,000 hours given proper maintenance; actual life is installation- and duty-cycle-dependent.

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